TENENBAUM (Tamaroff), MORDECAI — (1916–1943), resistance and ghetto fighter. Born in Warsaw, he went to tarbut hebrew schools and then studied Semitic languages at the Warsaw Oriental Institute. His linguistic skills would later help him pass as a non Jew on the Aryan side of… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
POLAND — POLAND, republic in E. Central Europe; the kingdom of Poland and the grand duchy of Lithuania united formally (Poland Lithuania) in 1569. This article is arranged according to the following outline: the early settlements jewish legal status… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
RESPONSES — the victims the world THE VICTIMS Behavior of the Victims In a chapter entitled Auschwitz: The Death of Choice in Versions of Survival: The Holocaust and the Human Spirit, the Holocaust scholar lawrence langer writes: After we peel the veneer of… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
WARSAW — (Pol. Warszawa), originally capital of the Masovia region; from the 16th century, capital of Poland. Jews were apparently living in Warsaw by the end of the 14th century, but the first explicit information on Jewish settlement dates from 1414. In … Encyclopedia of Judaism
BIALYSTOK — (Rus. Belostok), industrial city in N.E. Poland; latterly one of the principal Russian/Polish Jewish centers; incorporated into Russia between 1807 and 1921 and administered by the U.S.S.R. between 1939 and 1941, reverting to Poland in 1945.… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA — UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, country in N. America. This article is arranged according to the following outline: introduction Colonial Era, 1654–1776 Early National Period, 1776–1820 German Jewish Period, 1820–1880 East European Jewish Period,… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
SOCIOLOGY — as a field of intellectual endeavor is much older than sociology as an academic discipline. Modern sociology can be traced to the Scottish moralists such as Adam Ferguson, David Hume, Adam Smith, and possibly to Thomas Hobbes. The word sociology… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
GRODNO — (Horodno), city in Belarus, formerly Poland Lithuania. One of the oldest Jewish communities in the former grand duchy of lithuania (see poland lithuania ), the Grodno community received a charter from Grand Duke Wi told in 1389. This indicates… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
LODZ — (Yid. Lodskh; Ger. Litzmanstadt), city in central Poland, center of the textile industry. In 1793 there were 11 Jews in Lodz; by 1809 (when the city was under Prussian rule) the number had risen to 98. A community was organized at that time and a … Encyclopedia of Judaism
JEWISH STUDIES — Jewish studies, or often Judaic studies, refers here to the academic teaching of aspects of Jewish religion, history, philosophy, and culture, and associated languages and literatures, at the undergraduate and graduate level in institutions of… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
