ETTINGER, AKIVA JACOB — (1872–1945), agricultural expert; founder and administrator of Jewish settlements in Ereẓ Israel. Ettinger, born in Vitebsk, Belorussia, came from a distinguished family (his mother was descended from R. Akiva eger ). He studied agriculture at… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
ETTINGER, MORDECAI ZE'EV BEN ISAAC AARON SEGAL — (1804–1863), Polish rabbinical scholar, and scion of a long line of rabbis (see ettinger family). He studied under Naphtali Hirsch Sohastov, rabbi of Lemberg, and under his own uncle, jacob ornstein . Although renowned for his great scholarship,… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
KABBALAH — This entry is arranged according to the following outline: introduction general notes terms used for kabbalah the historical development of the kabbalah the early beginnings of mysticism and esotericism apocalyptic esotericism and merkabah… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
ZIONISM — This article is arranged according to the following outline: the word and its meaning forerunners ḤIBBAT ZION ROOTS OF ḤIBBAT ZION background to the emergence of the movement the beginnings of the movement PINSKER S AUTOEMANCIPATION settlement… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
HEBREW LITERATURE, MODERN — definition and scope beginnings periodization … Encyclopedia of Judaism
CRACOW — (Pol. Kraków; Heb. קראקא, קרקא, קראקוב), city in S. Poland (within the historic region lesser poland (Malopolska); in western galicia under Austria). Cracow was the residence of the leading Polish princes during the 12th century, and later became … Encyclopedia of Judaism
FABLE — FABLE, an animal tale (according to the most general and hence most widely accepted definition), i.e., a tale in which the characters are animals, and which contains a moral lesson. The genre also includes tales in which plants or inanimate… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
MEMORY — holocaust literature in european languages historiography of the holocaust holocaust studies Documentation, Education, and Resource Centers memorials and monuments museums film survivor testimonies Holocaust Literature in European Languages The… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
ARGENTINA — ARGENTINA, South American Federal Republic, general population (2004) 39,150,000; Jewish population 190,000. This entry is arranged according to the following outline: colonial period modern period legal basis for jewish life history EARLY JEWISH … Encyclopedia of Judaism