Solomon, ben-Judah

Solomon, ben-Judah
(d. 1051)
   Palestinian gaon. The years of Solomon’s office as gaon (head of the academy) (1025–51) were some of the most troubled of the period. Jerusalem and Ramleh, the two Jewish centres, were conquered by insurgent Arab forces (1024–9) and heavy taxes were collected from the Jewish communities. The academy stood impoverished and pilgrimages to Jerusalem practically ceased. Plague swept the country and in 1033 an earthquake badly damaged Jerusalem and Ramleh. Solomon sent to Egypt to ask for support. A peaceful man, Solomon was criticized for refusing to pronounce the traditional ban against the Karaites from the Mount of Olives. Another controversy arose when Nathan bar-Abraham arrived from Kairouan, North Africa, as head of the court, and proclaimed himself gaon. Solomon, who had influential supporters in Egypt at the Fatimid court, was reaffirmed as gaon, to be followed by Nathan on his death.
   Solomon wrote liturgical poems, some of which were discovered in the Cairo Genizah.

Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament. . 2012.

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