Alexander II

Alexander II
(1818–81)
   Czar of Russia 1855–81. Alexander II instigated many reforms which were long overdue in Russian life and were designed to animate a stagnant and reactionary society. But cautious change disappointed liberal hopes. The last years of his reign were marred by opposition, especially the revolutionary agitation of the Nihilists, so that his reforming zeal slackened. He was assassinated by a bomb in 1881. Under Alexander II the Jews hoped for some relief from oppression. In the interests of using their talents to revive the economy, Alexander made some concessions. In 1856 the special recruitment of Jews for the army was stopped and restrictions on the free movement and employment of educated Jews were eased. However, he retained the Pale of Settlement, and believed that Jews should be assimilated. In his last years, in the face of unrest, he was more interested in discipline than reform. Though Alexander did not radically change Russian policy towards the Jews, he won the affection of many of them as a well- intentioned ruler.

Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament. . 2012.

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